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What a Major WHO Review Found About Art and Wellbeing

A sweeping review of over 3,000 studies looked at how activities like music, dance, and creative writing relate to health. The picture that emerged is broad but genuinely evidence-based.

Study title: What a Major WHO Review Found About Art and WellbeingFancourt, D., & Finn, S., on behalf of the WHO Regional Office for Europe, WHO Regional Office for Europe, Health Evidence Network synthesis report 67, 2019

Study type
Systematic review
Population
Global evidence base of over 3,000 studies (around 900 examined in detail) on arts engagement and health outcomes across the life course
Published
2019
Evidence confidence
Moderate confidence

The short version

A major WHO review of thousands of studies found regular arts participation is broadly associated with better mental and physical wellbeing, though evidence quality varies by art form.

Why it matters

Taken together, engaging with creative or artistic activity — as a participant, not necessarily as a skilled practitioner — is plausibly linked with better mental and physical wellbeing across many different populations and settings, though the review can't tell us how much art, of what kind, does the most.

01

The question

What does the existing research evidence say about the role of arts engagement — music, visual art, dance, theatre, creative writing, and more — in supporting health and wellbeing?

02

How it was studied

A scoping review commissioned by WHO Europe, synthesising findings from over 3,000 studies (including systematic reviews, individual studies, and meta-analyses) across both the prevention of ill health and management of existing conditions, spanning mental health, chronic illness, and healthy ageing.

03

What they found

The review concluded that arts engagement — including everyday participation such as singing, dancing, or creative hobbies, not just professional or clinical art therapy — was associated with a wide range of positive outcomes, including improved mental wellbeing, reduced anxiety and depressive symptoms in various populations, and support for healthy ageing. The strength of evidence varied considerably across art forms and outcomes, and the authors were explicit that much of the underlying research was observational rather than experimental.

04

Limitations

As a scoping review of a very broad and heterogeneous evidence base, it necessarily blends studies of differing quality and design; many individual studies were small, and publication bias toward positive findings is a known risk in this field. It documents association across many contexts rather than establishing a single precise effect size.

05

What it may mean

Taken together, engaging with creative or artistic activity — as a participant, not necessarily as a skilled practitioner — is plausibly linked with better mental and physical wellbeing across many different populations and settings, though the review can't tell us how much art, of what kind, does the most.

In real life

The review's breadth is itself the useful message: it doesn't matter much whether the creative outlet is a choir, a sketchbook, or an amateur drama group — the common ingredient across benefiting studies was regular, voluntary participation.

Try this

Pick one small creative activity you've dropped — even ten minutes of drawing, singing along to music, or free writing — and put it back on your calendar once this week, without any goal attached to it.

Evidence confidence

Moderate confidence

The sheer volume and consistency of findings across a huge evidence base is reassuring, but most underlying studies are observational, so this supports a broad association rather than a precise causal claim.

Source

Fancourt, D., & Finn, S., on behalf of the WHO Regional Office for Europe (2019). What a Major WHO Review Found About Art and Wellbeing. WHO Regional Office for Europe, Health Evidence Network synthesis report 67.

Not peer-reviewed · Free full text available · Last reviewed 2026-08-14

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